Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia facts and figures

Saudi Arabia's National Day
Saudi Arabia's National Day

23 September

The Middle Eastern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia straddles the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by Jordan, Kuwait and Iraq in the north and Oman and Yemen in the south. It is the 14th largest country in the world, covering around two million square kilometres, making it the second largest OPEC Member Country. Saudi Arabia has a population of around 32.82 million, more than seven million of whom live in the capital, Riyadh. Arabic is the official language.

Saudi Arabia possesses around 17 per cent of the world’s proven petroleum reserves. Apart from petroleum, the Kingdom’s other natural resources include natural gas, iron ore, gold, and copper.

The national currency is the riyal.

The Sovereign is the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, HM King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud. Saudi Arabia is a Founder Member of OPEC.

Did you know?

  • Saudi Arabia is home to the world’s largest continuous sand desert – the Rub Al-Khali, or Empty Quarter.
  • Oil was first struck in Saudi Arabia in March 1938, at a depth of 1,440 metres in the Dammam oilfield.


Below data covers 2023

Population (million inhabitants) 32.82
Land area (1,000 sq km) 2,150
GDP per capita ($) 32,529
Nominal GDP at market prices (million $) 1,067,583
Value of exports (million $) 370,974
Value of petroleum exports (million $) 248,376
Current account balance (million $) 34,070
Proven crude oil reserves (million barrels) 267,230
Proven natural gas reserves (billion cu. m.) 9,651
Crude oil production *(1,000 b/d) 9,606
Marketed production of natural gas (million cu. m.) 123,531
Refinery capacity (1,000 b/cd) 3,291
Output of petroleum products (1,000 b/d) 2,529
Oil demand (1,000 b/d) 3,275
Crude oil exports (1,000 b/d) 6,659
Exports of petroleum products (1,000 b/d) 1,273
Natural gas exports (million cu. m.) --

* including share of production from Neutral Zone

  • b/d (barrels per day)
  • cu. m. (cubic metres)
  • b/cd (barrels per calendar day)

Source: Annual Statistical Bulletin 2024

  • HRH Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman Al-Saud

    HRH Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman Al-Saud

    Minister of Energy
    Head of Delegation

    Download CV
  • HE Eng. Adeeb Al-Aama

    HE Eng. Adeeb Al-Aama

    Governor for OPEC

  • Eng. Yousef Al Salem

    Eng. Yousef Al Salem

    National Representative